CBSE Introduces Major Reforms for Board Exams: APAAR ID and Two-Level Assessments
Significant Reforms in CBSE Board Exams
The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has unveiled two pivotal reforms aimed at enhancing the structure, digitalization, and transparency of India's educational framework. Beginning with the next academic year, students will be required to possess an APAAR ID to register for board examinations, and Class 10 board exams for select subjects will be offered at two distinct difficulty levels. These initiatives are part of a comprehensive strategy to modernize academic records and tailor assessments to students' learning capabilities.
Mandatory APAAR ID for Board Exam Registration
According to the new guidelines from the Central Board of Secondary Education, students in Classes 9 through 12 must provide their APAAR ID when registering for board exams and submitting their details. Starting from the 2026–27 academic year, any registrations lacking this ID will be rejected.
The APAAR ID, which stands for Automated Permanent Academic Account Registry, serves as a lifelong digital academic identity for students. It consolidates all academic information, including enrollment details, academic progress, and examination records, into a centralized digital system. This initiative aims to enhance record accuracy, minimize duplication, and boost transparency across educational institutions.
Board officials assert that this reform will streamline examination processes and ensure that student data remains consistent and readily accessible throughout their academic journey.
Current Adoption Status of APAAR ID Across States
Despite its significance, the uptake of APAAR IDs has varied across different states. Recent internal data from the board indicates that a considerable number of students have yet to register under this system.
For instance, in West Bengal, approximately 10% of Class 9 students and nearly 18% of Class 11 students still lack an APAAR ID. In contrast, Haryana has made better progress, with around 54% of students in Classes 9 and 11 already registered.
However, states like Gujarat and Bihar are falling behind. In Gujarat, only about 27.59% of Class 9 students and 19.94% of Class 11 students have registered. Bihar's figures are around 23.59% for Class 9 and 26.01% for Class 11. The board has recognized these challenges and directed affiliated schools to collaborate with state authorities to enhance registration numbers before the new regulations take full effect.
Support for Schools Facing Registration Challenges
CBSE has assured that schools encountering technical or administrative hurdles will receive additional assistance. The aim is to ensure that students are not disadvantaged due to registration delays. Schools are encouraged to verify student data, rectify errors, and complete the generation of APAAR IDs well ahead of board examination deadlines.
Education experts believe that once fully implemented, the APAAR system will significantly reduce paperwork and simplify transfers between schools and boards.
Introduction of Two-Level Board Exams for Class 10 from 2028
In another significant reform, CBSE has declared that starting in 2028, Class 10 board examinations for Mathematics, Science, and Social Science will be conducted at two levels: Standard and Advanced.
To prepare students for this transition, the board will implement two-level learning for these subjects beginning in Class 9 during the 2026–27 academic session. Students will study the same subjects but at varying depths based on their abilities and academic aspirations.
The Standard level will emphasize core concepts and practical understanding, while the Advanced level will delve deeper into conceptual learning, catering to students aiming to pursue these subjects at a higher level in subsequent classes.
A Student-Centric Approach to Assessments
CBSE officials state that the two-level examination system is designed to alleviate unnecessary academic pressure while allowing students to learn according to their strengths. Rather than a uniform examination pattern, the new structure aims to provide flexibility and fairness in assessments.
Teachers and education analysts have welcomed this initiative, noting that it could assist students in making informed academic choices and reduce stress during their board years.
Guidance for Students and Parents
With these upcoming changes, schools, parents, and students are encouraged to remain informed and proactive. Timely registration for the APAAR ID will be crucial to avoid complications during board exam registration. Additionally, students entering Class 9 in the 2026–27 session should prepare for the new two-level learning framework.
Conclusion
CBSE's recent reforms represent a significant advancement towards a more digital, transparent, and student-friendly educational system. While the transition may present short-term challenges, particularly in states with lower registration rates, the long-term advantages include streamlined records, flexible assessments, and a more personalized learning experience for students nationwide.