CBSE Implements New Language Policy for Classes 9 and 10 Starting 2026

Introduction of New Language Policy

The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has revealed a major update to its language policy for students in Classes 9 and 10. Effective from July 1, 2026, the board will enforce the three-language formula as mandated by the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020.

Mandatory Three-Language Formula

As per the new directive issued by CBSE on May 15, 2026, the following changes will be implemented:

• Students in Classes 9 and 10 are required to learn three languages.


• Languages will be classified into R1, R2, and R3 categories.


• At least two of these languages must be Indian languages.

This policy will officially commence from the academic session of 2026–27.

Implications for Students

Compulsory Indian Languages

Students must ensure that their language selections include:

• At least two languages that are of Indian origin.


• The third language can be either Indian or foreign.

This requirement applies to all schools affiliated with CBSE nationwide.

Conditions for Foreign Language Selection

CBSE has specified that:

• Students may opt for a foreign language only if the other two languages are Indian.


• Foreign languages can also be taken as an optional fourth subject.

This approach allows students to explore international languages while still valuing Indian linguistic heritage.

Interim Measures for Language Textbooks

Given that the policy is being introduced mid-academic year, CBSE has established a temporary arrangement.

Until new textbooks for the third language (R3) are available for Classes 9 and 10:

• Students will use Class 6 R3 textbooks as a stopgap measure.

This strategy aims to minimize disruption during the transition.

Support for Schools with Teacher Shortages

Recognizing that some schools may face challenges in hiring qualified language teachers, CBSE has allowed institutions to:

• Employ retired educators.


• Share teaching resources through Sahodaya school clusters.


• Offer hybrid or online language classes.

These initiatives are designed to facilitate a smooth implementation of the new policy.

Rationale Behind the Policy Change

The introduction of the three-language formula aligns with the government's broader objectives to:

• Encourage multilingual education.


• Promote the learning of Indian languages.


• Enhance cultural awareness.


• Boost cognitive and communication skills among students.

Experts associated with NEP 2020 have highlighted that multilingual education fosters better analytical and linguistic capabilities.

Expected Impact on Students and Schools

This decision is anticipated to affect:

• Millions of CBSE students across the country.


• Numerous affiliated schools.

Schools may need to:

• Adjust their timetables.


• Recruit additional language instructors.


• Revise curriculum planning.


• Implement new support systems for language learning.

Students and parents will likely pay more attention to language choices when planning their academic futures.

Key Changes Overview

This reform represents one of the most significant curriculum changes in recent years by CBSE, reflecting a growing emphasis on multilingual education within India's educational framework.